Selected Past Projects

This list includes selected past projects that were funded by CDRF and are listed alphabetically by researcher. Publications resulting from these projects are provided by the researcher.

Dr. John Adaska

Prevalence of Mycobacterium Avium Subspecies Paratuberculosis in Waste Milk Delivered to Five California Ranches

Key publication resulting from project:

Low rate of detectable in utero transmission of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in a dairy herd with a low prevalence of Johne’s disease.

Dr. Dave Baer

Effect of Whey Protein on Body Weight, Body Fat, and Health Indices

Key publication resulting from project:

Whey Protein but Not Soy Protein Supplementation Alters Body Weight and Composition in Free-Living Overweight and Obese Adults

Dr. Lionel Brazil

Milking Technology Lab

Dr. Wayne Campbell

Influences of Whey Protein on Body Composition, Glucose Metabolism, and Appetite in Middle-Aged Adults at Risk for Metabolic Syndrome

Dr. Tim Carpenter

A Model of Intra-Herd Transmission of FMD and its Transmission in California Dairies

A Predictive Model of the Spread and Control of FMD in CA, Using Data from the 2001 FMD Epidemic in Argentina

Simulation Modeling of Foot & Mouth Disease Spread and Control

Key publications resulting from projects:

A dynamic, optimal disease control model for foot-and-mouth disease: I. Model description

A dynamic, optimal disease control model for foot-and-mouth-disease: II. Model results and policy implications

Model could aid emergency response planning for foot-and-mouth disease outbreaks

Epidemic and economic impacts of delayed detection of foot-and-mouth disease: a case study of a simulated outbreak in California

Simulation modeling as an exotic livestock disease disaster planning tool

A simulation model of intraherd transmission of foot and mouth disease with reference to disease spread before and after clinical diagnosis

Emergency vaccination to control foot-and mouth disease: Implications of its inclusion as a U.S. policy option

Potential impact of introduction of foot-and mouth disease from wild pigs into commercial livestock premises in California

Dr. Dean Cliver

Cryptosporidium in Dairy Industry Hazard Analysis Critical Control Points (HACCP)

Dr. Patricia Conrad

Improved Diagnosis and Control of Bovine Protozoal Abortion Caused by Neospora Caninum Parasites

Dr. Jim Cullor

Dairy Food Safety Laboratory

Key publications resulting from project:

Differential levels of mRNA transcripts encoding immunologic mediators in mammary secretions from dairy cows with subclinical environmental Streptococci infections.

Biological markers of neonatal performance: the relationship of insulin-like growth factors-I, zinc and copper to poor neonatal growth.

Toxoplasma in animals, food, and humans: An old parasite of new concern.

Diagnostic Testing and Management Schemes for the Control of Johne’s Agent in Milk

Dairy Cares

Environmental Stewardship Research, Promotion, Education, Communication and Outreach Services

Dr. Ed DePeters

Effect of Diet on Nutrient Excretion and Air Emissions of VOC Methane, and Ammonia by Dry and Lactating Cows

Key publications resulting from project:

Volatile organic compound emissions from dairy cows and their waste as measured by proton-transfer-reaction mass spectrometry

Dr. MaryAnne Drake

Establishing Uniqueness of Dairy proteins Against Competitive Soy Protein Products

Key publications resulting from project:

Sensory properties of whey and soy proteins.

Sensory properties of meal replacement bars and beverages made from whey or soy proteins.

Consumer perception of whey and soy protein in meal replacement products.

Comparison of lexicons for descriptive analysis of whey and soy proteins in New Zealand and the United States

Methods to Increase the Shelf Life of Whole Milk Powder

Key publications resulting from project:

Effect of package and storage temperature on flavor and flavor stability of whole milk powder.
Lloyd, M.A., Hess, S., and Drake, M.A.
2009. J. Dairy Sci. 92:2409-2422

Flavor variability and flavor stability of US-produced whole milk powder.

Mineral Analysis in California Milk Powder

Dr. Nana Farkye

Improving Full-fat and Low Fat Cheddar Cheese Quality in California

Seasonal Changes in Nitrogen Distribution of Milk

Composition of Specialty Cheeses Produced in California

Dr. Ian Gardner

Certification of California Cattle Herds as Free of Johne’s Disease Using Bayesian Methods

Key publications resulting from project:

Hierarchical Bayesian model for prevalence inferences and determination of a country’s status for an animal pathogen.

Determining the infection status of a herd..

Sample size calculations for surveys to substantiate freedom of populations from infectious agents.

Dr. Bruce German

Milk Glycolipids: Capturing the Value of a Novel Class of Complex Molecular Conjugates

Key publications resulting from project:

Method for the identification of lipid classes based on referenced Kendrick mass analysis
Lerno LA Jr, German JB, Lebrilla CB.
Anal Chem. 2010 May 15;82(10):4236-45

Rapid profiling of bovine and human milk gangliosides by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry.

Microbes and health Sackler colloquium: Human milk glycobiome and its impact on the infant gastrointestinal microbiota.

Saturated fats: A perspective from lactation and milk composition

Lactosomes: Structural and compositional classification of unique nanometer-sized protein lipid particles of human milk.

Reconstituted lipoprotein: A versatile class of biologically-inspired nanostructures.

Feeding the world today and tomorrow: The importance of food science and technology

Dietary lipids from an evolutionary perspective: sources, structures and functions.

Use of attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy to study lactosylceramide and GD3 DMPC bilayers

Multiple precursor ion scanning of gangliosides and sulfatides with a reverse-phase microfluidic chip and quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry

The Functional Deconstruction of Milk Oligosaccharides

Key publications resulting from project:

The complete genome sequence of Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis reveals adaptations for milk utilization within the infant microbiome

Permeate from cheese whey ultrafiltration is a source of milk oligosaccharides.

Glycoprofiling Bifidobacterial consumption of galacto-oligosaccharides by mass spectrometry reveals strain-specific, preferential consumption of glycans

Structural determination and daily variations of porcine milk oligosaccharides

Glycoprotein expression in human milk during lactation

Consumption of human milk oligosaccharides by gut-related microbes

The development of an annotated library of neutral human milk oligosaccharides

Neutral and acidic oligosaccharides in Holstein-Friesian colostrum during the first 3 days of lactation measured by high performance liquid chromatography on a microfluidic chip and time-of-flight mass spectrometry.

Evolutionary glycomics: Characterization of milk oligosaccharides in primates

An infant-associated bacterial commensal utilizes breast milk sialyloligosaccharides

Oligosaccharide binding proteins from Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis reveal a preference for host glycans

The influence of milk oligosaccharides on microbiota of infants: Opportunities for formulas

Transcriptome profiling of bovine milk oligosaccharide metabolism genes using RNA-sequencing.

Nano-LC-MS/MS of glycopeptides produced by nonspecific proteolysis enables rapid and extensive site-specific glycosylation determination

Site-specific protein glycosylation analysis with glycan isomer differentiation

Bacteroides in the infant gut consume milk oligosaccharides via mucus-utilization pathways.cell host microbe

Polymorphisms in genes in the SREBP1 signalling pathway and SCD are associated with milk fatty acid composition in Holstein cattle

Bifidobacteria isolated from infants and cultured on human milk oligosaccharides affect intestinal epithelial function.
Chichlowski M, De Lartigue G, German JB, Raybould HE, Mills DA.
J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2012 Feb 29. [Epub ahead of print]

Glycosylation of human milk lactoferrin exhibits dynamic changes during early lactationenhancing its role in pathogenic bacteria-host interactions

Natural variability in bovine milk oligosaccharides from Danish Jersey and Holstein-Friesian breeds

Comparison of the human and bovine milk N-glycome via high-performance microfluidic chip liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry

The Milk Genome: Discovering the Molecular Basis of Milk’s Health Value

Key publications resulting from project:

Implications of genomics for food and nutrition

Milk: a model for nutrition in the 21st century

Understanding milk’s bioactive components: a goal for the genomics toolbox

Bioguided processing: a paradigm change in food production

Saturated fats: what dietary intake?

Milk beyond essential nutrients: the metabolic food

Genetic dietetics: nutrigenomics and the future of dietetics practice
German J.B.
2005 Journal of the American Dietetics Association 105(4): 530–531

Nanoliquid chromatography‑mass spectrometry of oligosaccharides employing graphitized carbon chromatography on microchip with a high‑accuracy mass analyzer

Composition, applications, fractionation, technological and nutritional significance of milk fat globule membrane material
Ward R.E., German J.B. and Corredig M.
(2005) In: Advanced Dairy Chemistry, Vol 2: Lipids, 3rd ed, Fox P.F. and McSweeney P. (eds), Springer, NY, pp. 213–244

Composition, structure, and absorption of milk lipids: a source of energy, fat‑soluble nutrients and bioactive molecules

In vitro fermentation of breast milk oligosaccharides by Bifidobacterium infantis and Lactobacillus gasseri

‘Nutrition and food structure’ in Food Colloids Self-Assembly and Material Science.
Lemay D. Dillard C.J. and German J.B.
2006 editor Eric Dickinson and Martin Leser, pub Royal Society of Chemistry London UK 2007

A strategy for annotating the human milk glycome.

International milk genomics consortium trends food science & technology

Methods for the quantitation of human milk oligosaccharides in bacterial fermentation by mass spectrometry

Milk: Genes, targets, ingredients, mechanisms and benefits, a perspective German JB, SL Freeman
BULLETIN-INTERNATIONAL DAIRY FEDERATION, 2007 – INTERNATIONAL DAIRY FEDERATION

Comparative review of diets for the metabolic syndrome: implications for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

Glycoprofiling of Bifidobacterial consumption of human milk oligosaccharides demonstrates strain specific, preferential consumption of small chain glycans secreted in early human lactation

In vitro fermentability of human milk oligosaccharides by several strains of bifidobacteria

Building the bridges to bioinformatics in nutrition research

Analysis and quantitation of fructooligosaccharides using matrix-assisted laser desorption/Ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry

Gene regulatory networks in lactation: identification of global principles using bioinformatics

Daily variations in oligosaccharides of human milk determined by microfluidic chips and mass spectrometry

Human milk oligosaccharides: evolution, structures and bioselectivity as substrates for intestinal bacteria

Size-dependent lipid content in human milk fat globules

Milk fat globule structure and function: nanoscience comes to milk production Trends in Food Science & Technology

The bovine lactation genome: insights into the evolution of mammalian milk

The genome sequence of Taurine cattle: A window to ruminant biology and evolution

Introduction to the proceedings of the symposium “Scientific update on dairy fats and cardiovascular diseases”

A reappraisal of the impact of dairy foods and milk fat on cardiovascular disease risk

Lessons from the bovine genome: implications for human nutrition and research.

Glycoprofiling bifidobacterial consumption of galacto-oligosaccharides by mass spectrometry reveals strain specific, preferential consumption of glycans

Permeate from cheese whey ultrafiltration is a source of milk oligosaccharides

Food in an evolutionary context: insights from mother’s milk

Developing the Next Generation of Prebiotics: Bovine Milk Oligosaccharides

Dr. Eric Gershwin

Effect of Milk Components on the Immune Response to Pneumovax: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial

The Effect of Milk Components on the Response to Influenza Vaccine in Senior Citizens: A Randomized Placebo Controlled Pilot Study

Dr. Bruce Hammock

Comprehensive Profiling of Vitamin D Metabolism

Key publications resulting from project:

Metabolic profiling of major vitamin D metabolites using Diels-Alder derivatization and ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry

Vitamin D intake needed to maintain target serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations in participants with low sun exposure and dark skin pigmentation is substantially higher than current recommendations

Vitamin D enhances corneal epithelial barrier function

Enhancement of vitamin D metabolites in the eye following vitamin D3 supplementation and UV-B irradiation

Dr. Thomas Harter

Impact on Waste Management in Chronic Exposure of Dairy Cattle to Well Water Nitrate

Key publications resulting from project:

Dairy Nutrient Management and Groundwater Quality

Evaluation of a simple, inexpensive dialysis sampler for small diameter monitoring wells

Characterizing sources of nitrate leaching from an irrigated dairy farm in Merced County, California

Shallow groundwater quality on dairy farms with irrigated forage crops

Dr. Rafael Jimenez-Flores

Reduction of Spores in Milk Powder Using UV Illumination Technology

Characterization in MFGM Function in Binding Mechanism of Probiotic Bacteria

Dr. Sidika Karakas

Effect of Whey Protein on Weight Loss, Glucose and Lipid Metabolism in Obese Women with Insulin Resistance and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Key publication resulting from project:

Relation of nutrients and hormones in polycystic ovary syndrome

Effects of Partially PHWP on Weight Loss in Individuals with Metabolic Syndrome

Dr. John Kirk

Risk Factor Analysis of Environmental Impacts from Composting Livestock Mortalities

Dr. John Krochta

Applications for Protein Films and Coatings

Bioactive Compound Incorporation in Protein Films and Coatings

Dr. Carlito Lebrilla

Milk Glycopeptides: A New Class of Bioactive Ingredients from Milk

The Glycoproteomics of Bovine and Human Milk

Dr. Juan Medrano

Genomic Approach to Optimize the Content of Beneficial Oligosaccharides in the Cow Milk Supply

Genomic Understanding of Milk Lipids; A Blueprint for Exploiting Milk’s Natural Variability

Dr. Deanne Meyer

Facilitate Producer Management of Environmental Program

Dr. David Mills

Development of Engineered Probiotics for the Reduction of Pathogens

Isolation and characterization of lactic acid bacteria that selectively grow on the unique set of oligosaccharides found in milk

Key publications resulting from projects:

Genetic manipulation of Lactococcus lactis using targeted group II introns: generation of stable insertions without selection

Selected topics in probiotics and prebiotics: Meeting report for the 2004 international scientific association for probiotics and prebiotics
Sanders, M. .E., F. Guarner, D. A. Mills, B. Pot, J. Rafter, B. Rastall, G. Reid, Y. Ringel, I. Rowland, M. Saarela and K. Tuohy.
2005. Current Issues in Intestinal Microbiology. 6: 55-68

Multicopy integration of heterologous genes using the lactococcal group II intron targeted to bacterial insertion sequences

Kinetics of Lactococcus lactis growth and metabolite formation under aerobic and anaerobic conditions at the presence or absence of hemin

Optimization of fed batch production of the model recombinant protein GFP in Lactococcus lactis

Development and optimization of chemically-defined media supporting high cell density growth of lactococci, enterococci, and streptococci

Characterization of the lactococcal group II intron target site in its native host
Sela, D, H. Rawsthorne and D. A. Mills.
2007. Plasmid. 58:127-139

Incorporation of nisI-mediated nisin immunity improves vector-based nisin-controlled gene expression in lactic acid bacteria

Dual inducible expression of recombinant GFP and targeted antisense RNA in Lactococcus lactis

A dynamic, genome-scale flux model of Lactococcus lactis to increase specific recombinant protein expression

Dr. Mike Payne

California Dairy Quality Assurance Program

Dr. Helen Raybould

Effects of Milk Components on Gastrointestinal Signaling Pathways